STREET
ART
Street
art is visual art
created in public locations, usually unsanctioned artwork executed outside of
the context of traditional art venues. The term gained popularity during the
graffiti art boom of the early 1980s and continues to be applied to subsequent
incarnations. Stencil graffiti, wheatpasted
poster art or sticker art, and street installation or sculpture
are common forms of modern street art. Video projection,
yarn bombing
and Lock On sculpture became popularized at the
turn of the 21st century.
The
terms "urban art",
"guerrilla art",
"post-graffiti" and "neo-graffiti" are also sometimes used
when referring to artwork created in these contexts. Traditional spray-painted
graffiti artwork itself is often included in this category, excluding
territorial graffiti or pure vandalism.
Artists
who choose the streets as their gallery are often doing so from a preference to
communicate directly with the public at large, free from perceived confines of
the formal art world. Street artists sometimes present socially relevant
content infused with esthetic value, to attract attention to a cause or as a
form of "art provocation".
Street
artists often travel between countries to spread their designs. Some artists
have gained cult-followings, media and art world attention, and have gone on to
work commercially in the styles which made their work known on the streets.
Artists
have challenged art by situating it in non-art contexts. Street artists do not
aspire to change the definition of an artwork, but rather to question the
existing environment with its own language. The motivations and objectives that
drive street artists are as varied as the artists themselves. ‘Street’ artists
attempt to have their work communicate with everyday people about socially
relevant themes in ways that are informed by esthetic values without being
imprisoned by them. There is a strong current of activism
and subversion in urban art. Street art can be a
powerful platform for reaching the public and a potent form of political
expression for the oppressed, or people with little resources to create change.
Common variants include adbusting, subvertising
and other culture jamming, the abolishment of private property and reclaiming the streets.
Germany's Berlin Wall
(shown 1986) was a target of artists during its existence (1961–1989).
Some
street artists use "smart vandalism" as a way to raise awareness of
social and political issues.[6]
Other street artists simply see urban space as an untapped format for personal
artwork, while others may appreciate the challenges and risks that are
associated with installing illicit artwork in public places. A universal motive
of most, if not all street art, is that adapting visual artwork into a format
which utilizes public space allows artists who may otherwise feel
disenfranchised to reach a much broader audience than traditional artwork and
galleries normally allow.
Whereas
traditional graffiti
artists have primarily used free-hand aerosol paints
to produce their works, "street art" encompasses many other media and
techniques, including: LED art, mosaic tiling, murals, stencil art, sticker art,
"Lock On" street sculptures, street installations, wheatpasting,
woodblocking, and yarn bombing.
New media forms such as projection onto large city buildings are an
increasingly popular tool for street artists—and the availability of cheap
hardware and software allows street artists to become more competitive with
corporate advertisements. Much like open source software, artists are able to
create art for the public realm from their personal computers, similarly
creating things for free which compete with companies making things for profit.
Street
art is a topical issue. Some people consider it a crime, others consider it a
form of art. Street artists may be charged with vandalism, malicious mischief,
intentional destruction of property, criminal trespass, or antisocial behavior.
Legal definitions vary between jurisdictions. In some cities, it is unlawful
for landowners to allow any graffiti on their property if it’s visible from any
other public or private property.